h\u1ecdc qua h\u00e0nh<\/strong><\/a>\u201d – nh\u1ea5n m\u1ea1nh qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh h\u1ecdc t\u1eadp v\u00e0 ti\u1ebfp thu ch\u1ee9 kh\u00f4ng ch\u00fa tr\u1ecdng v\u00e0o k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3, gi\u00fap cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi h\u1ecdc ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng t\u01b0 duy \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp, k\u1ef9 n\u0103ng t\u1ef1 h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 k\u1ef9 n\u0103ng gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1. Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p n\u00e0y t\u1eadp trung v\u00e0o vi\u1ec7c khuy\u1ebfn kh\u00edch v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9ng vi\u00ean ng\u01b0\u1eddi h\u1ecdc t\u1ef1 gi\u00e1c t\u00ecm ki\u1ebfm t\u1eeb nhi\u1ec1u ngu\u1ed3n th\u00f4ng tin, h\u1ecdc b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch \u0111\u1ecdc, t\u1ef1 m\u00ecnh t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c, x\u1eed l\u00fd v\u00e0 t\u1ed5ng h\u1ee3p th\u00f4ng tin thay v\u00ec l\u1ec7 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o c\u00e1c b\u00e0i gi\u1ea3ng c\u1ee7a gi\u00e1o vi\u00ean. Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p h\u1ecdc t\u00edch c\u1ef1c \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi ng\u01b0\u1eddi h\u1ecdc ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 th\u00e1i \u0111\u1ed9 \u201ct\u00edch c\u1ef1c\u201d, tham gia v\u00e0o c\u00e1c ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng nh\u01b0 gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00e3 h\u1ecdc d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean quan \u0111i\u1ec3m ri\u00eang c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi h\u1ecdc, chia s\u1ebb \u00fd ki\u1ebfn c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n, trao \u0111\u1ed5i, tranh lu\u1eadn, ph\u00e2n t\u00edch, suy lu\u1eadn v\u00e0 \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf nh\u1eb1m t\u00edch l\u0169y th\u00eam nhi\u1ec1u tri th\u1ee9c c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 k\u1ef9 n\u0103ng c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ec3 n\u00e2ng cao n\u0103ng l\u1ef1c gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1\u2026<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p h\u1ecdc t\u00edch c\u1ef1c \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi ng\u01b0\u1eddi h\u1ecdc\u00a0ch\u1ecbu tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ec1 vi\u1ec7c h\u1ecdc c\u1ee7a ch\u00ednh m\u00ecnh<\/strong>. V\u00ec v\u1eady, vi\u1ec7c x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng th\u00f3i quen h\u1ecdc t\u1ed1t v\u00e0 bi\u1ebft c\u00e1ch qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd th\u1eddi gian hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 s\u1ebd gi\u00fap b\u1ea1n th\u00edch nghi t\u1ed1t v\u1edbi ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p h\u1ecdc t\u00edch c\u1ef1c (Active Learning<\/strong>) n\u00e0y. M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng:<\/p>\n\n- H\u1ecdc b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch \u0111\u1ecdc<\/strong><\/li>\n
- H\u1ecdc b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch vi\u1ebft tay<\/strong>\u00a0– Vi\u1ec7c ghi ch\u00fa b\u1eb1ng tay gi\u00fap c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ti\u1ebfp thu. (\u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi vi\u1ec7c ghi ch\u00fa b\u1eb1ng m\u00e1y t\u00ednh \/ m\u00e1y t\u00ednh b\u1ea3ng th\u00ec ghi ch\u00fa b\u1eb1ng vi\u1ebft tay c\u0169ng hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 h\u01a1n –\u00a0Don\u2019t take notes with a laptop<\/strong>)<\/li>\n
- H\u1ecdc theo nh\u00f3m<\/strong>: Th\u1ea3o lu\u1eadn gi\u00fap ng\u01b0\u1eddi h\u1ecdc r\u00e8n luy\u1ec7n t\u01b0 duy ph\u1ea3n bi\u1ec7n v\u00e0 h\u1ecdc c\u00e1ch trao \u0111\u1ed5i, tr\u00ecnh b\u00e0y quan \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u1ee7a b\u1ea3n th\u00e2n tr\u01b0\u1edbc nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi. \u0110\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi t\u1ea1o th\u00eam h\u1ee9ng th\u00fa v\u00e0 gi\u00fap ng\u01b0\u1eddi h\u1ecdc tham gia t\u00edch c\u1ef1c h\u01a1n, h\u1ecdc \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nhi\u1ec1u h\u01a1n thay v\u00ec th\u1ee5 \u0111\u1ed9ng ng\u1ed3i nghe gi\u1ea3ng hay \u0111\u1ecdc s\u00e1ch.<\/li>\n
- \u0110\u00f4i b\u1ea1n c\u00f9ng ti\u1ebfn<\/strong><\/li>\n
- Tranh lu\u1eadn<\/strong><\/li>\n
- H\u1ecdc b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch \u0111\u1eb7t c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi<\/strong>: 5W 1H – (Who, What, Where, When, Why), (How)<\/li>\n
- L\u00e0m b\u00e0i t\u1eadp<\/strong>\u00a0– H\u1ecdc c\u00e1ch gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1, \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng l\u00fd thuy\u1ebft v\u00e0o th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf.<\/li>\n
- H\u1ecdc t\u1eeb th\u1ea5t b\u1ea1i<\/strong>\u00a0– \u0110\u1ec3 c\u1ea3m gi\u00e1c th\u1ea5t b\u1ea1i h\u1ee7y ho\u1ea1i b\u1ea3n th\u00e2n hay bi\u1ebfn ch\u00fang th\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u1ef1c v\u01b0\u1ee3t qua th\u1eed th\u00e1ch ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 ch\u1ecdn l\u1ef1a c\u1ee7a ri\u00eang b\u1ea1n.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
H\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh c\u00e1c th\u00f3i quen h\u1ecdc t\u1eadp t\u1ed1t<\/h3>\n
R\u0169 b\u1ecf suy ngh\u0129 \u201cH\u1ecdc ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 m\u1edf s\u00e1ch\/t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u ra r\u1ed3i \u0111\u1ecdc, sau \u0111\u00f3 c\u1ed1 g\u1eafng ghi nh\u1edb n\u1ed9i dung<\/strong>\u201d – M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ecdc s\u00e1ch nh\u01b0ng t\u00e2m tr\u00ed kh\u00f4ng t\u1eadp trung v\u00e0o n\u1ed9i dung quy\u1ec3n s\u00e1ch m\u00ecnh \u0111ang \u0111\u1ecdc, s\u1ed1 kh\u00e1c l\u1ea1i ch\u1ecbu \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c v\u1eadt d\u1ee5ng c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 cao. Nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ecdc v\u00e0i ph\u00fat li\u1ec1n r\u01a1i v\u00e0o gi\u1ea5c ng\u1ee7. \u0110\u1ec3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n k\u1ef9 n\u0103ng \u0111\u1ecdc v\u00e0 hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 h\u1ecdc, b\u1ea1n c\u1ea7n lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf m\u1ecdi th\u1ee9 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 khi\u1ebfn b\u1ea1n xao nh\u00e3ng v\u00e0 ng\u1eaft qu\u00e3ng qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh h\u1ecdc c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 v\u00e0i l\u1eddi khuy\u00ean ng\u1eafm gi\u00fap b\u1ea1n h\u1ecdc t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n:<\/p>\n\n- C\u00f3 khu v\u1ef1c d\u00e0nh ri\u00eang cho h\u1ecdc t\u1eadp<\/strong>\u00a0– N\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng gian ri\u00eang t\u1ea1i nh\u00e0, h\u00e3y t\u00ecm \u0111\u1ebfn th\u01b0 vi\u1ec7n ho\u1eb7c nh\u1eefng n\u01a1i v\u1eafng v\u1ebb, y\u00ean t\u0129nh. \u0110\u1eebng cho ph\u00e9p b\u1ea3n th\u00e2n m\u00ecnh ch\u00fa \u00fd t\u1edbi b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 c\u00e1i g\u00ec kh\u00e1c ngo\u00e0i vi\u1ec7c h\u1ecdc.<\/li>\n
- L\u00ean k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch v\u00e0 \u0111\u1eb7t m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau cho t\u1eebng l\u1ea7n h\u1ecdc<\/strong>\u00a0– Vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u1ec1 ra c\u00e1c m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau v\u00e0 g\u1ea1ch b\u1ecf ch\u00fang sau khi ho\u00e0n th\u00e0nh s\u1ebd gi\u00fap b\u1ea1n c\u1ea3m nh\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a s\u1ef1 n\u1ed7 l\u1ef1c.<\/li>\n
- Ghi ch\u00fa nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u quan tr\u1ecdng c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i nh\u1edb<\/strong>\u00a0v\u00e0o m\u1ed9t quy\u1ec3n s\u1ed5 v\u00e0 th\u01b0\u1eddng xuy\u00ean mang s\u1ed5 theo b\u00ean ng\u01b0\u1eddi. B\u1edfi v\u00ec c\u1ed1 g\u1eafng ghi nh\u1edb kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn kh\u00f4n ngoan.<\/li>\n
- Ngh\u1ec9 ng\u01a1i \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111\u1eb7n \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1eef cho t\u00e2m tr\u00ed lu\u00f4n minh m\u1eabn v\u00e0 t\u1ec9nh t\u00e1o<\/strong>\u00a0– B\u1ea1n kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i h\u1ecdc m\u1ecdi l\u00fac, b\u1ea1n c\u1ea7n h\u1ecdc hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3. V\u00ec v\u1eady h\u00e3y d\u00e0nh ra kho\u1ea3ng th\u1eddi gian ngh\u1ec9 ng\u01a1i ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng, gi\u00fap th\u01b0 gi\u00e3n v\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u ti\u1ebft m\u1eaft.\n